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However, the two fragments, which can split in different mass ratios, have average spins which do not appear to depend on the mass of their partner fragment. The experiments showed that the average spin has a saw-tooth dependence on the fragment mass. This is indicated by analysis of the measured gamma rays. The new comprehensive data shows that the spin in fission is actually generated after the nucleus splits. "However, this experiment enabled for the first time to address also the dynamics of the fission process which proceeds on a 10-21 seconds time scale inaccessible for any direct observation." Germanium detectors to investigate fission fragments", Professor Thorsten Kröll reported. "My group at TU Darmstadt contributed the huge experience with fast scintillation detectors in combination with Scientists from TU Darmstadt were involved in the preparation of the experiment, participated in the measurements, analysed selected data and contributed to the scientific discussion. More than 1200 hours of beamtime at the particle accelerator were available to irradiate samples of the uranium isotope 238U and the thorium isotope 232Th with a pulsed neutron beam. To reveal the mechanism generating fragment spin, the team induced nuclear fission reactions at the ALTO facility and measured gamma rays, which are emitted in the process with „nu-ball" consisting of 184 detectors. There are many competing theories, but the majority of these state that the spin of the fission fragments is generated before the nucleus splits, leading to a clear correlation of the spins of the two partner fragments. The new scientific study addresses the question of why, when a heavy atomic nucleus fissions, the resulting fragments are observed to emerge spinning, even when the original nucleus did not spin at all. However, open questions about the process persist to this day.
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Nuclear fission, in which a heavy nucleus splits in two and releases energy, was already discovered at the end of the 1930s by the chemists Otto Hahn and Fritz Strassmann, and interpreted correctly by the physicists Lise Meitner and Otto Frisch. The collaboration is led by the Irène-Joliot-Curie Laboratory in Orsay. This result was made possible by the 'nu-ball' collaboration, an international group of nuclear physicists from 37 institutes and 16 countries - among them scientists from TU Darmstadt's Institute of Nuclear Physics - which studied a wide range of nuclei and their structure.
#Nu laser fission uranium series
A series of experiments at the ALTO particle accelerator facility in Orsay, France, has revealed that the fragments resulting from nuclear fission obtain their intrinsic angular momentum (or spin) after fission, not before, as is widely assumed.